學(xué)習(xí)安全儀表系統(tǒng)(SIS)，IEC的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)首先要熟讀和掌握。IEC的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是鼻祖，其他組織引用、借鑒，甚至是直接翻譯。下表列出了IEC/ISA/GB的SIS相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。英語(yǔ)水平良好的話(huà)，可以讀IEC原汁原味標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，然后再拓展到ISA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。英語(yǔ)費(fèi)勁的話(huà)，讀GB標(biāo)準(zhǔn)吧，反正是直接翻譯過(guò)來(lái)的，和IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒(méi)有什么大的區(qū)別。
IEC(國(guó)際電工委員會(huì))
◆IEC 61511-2016
Functional Safety-Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector
◆IEC 61508-2010
Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
ISA(國(guó)際自動(dòng)化協(xié)會(huì))
◆ANSI/ISA-61511-2018
Functional Safety-Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector
◆ISA-TR84.00.02-2015
Safety Integrity Level(SIL)Verification of Safety Instrumented Functions
GB(中國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn))
◆GB/T 21109-2007
過(guò)程工業(yè)領(lǐng)域安全儀表系統(tǒng)的功能安全
◆GB/T 20438-2017
電氣/電子/可編程電子安全相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的功能安全
在IEC官網(wǎng)可查詢(xún)IEC 61511和IEC 61508版本變更記錄，從側(cè)面見(jiàn)證了過(guò)程控制的功能安全的一個(gè)發(fā)展史。其中，IEC 61511-2016=ANSI/ISA-61511-2018=GB/T 21109-2007，也就是說(shuō)“過(guò)程工業(yè)領(lǐng)域安全儀表系統(tǒng)的功能安全”方面，我們選取一個(gè)熟讀即可。ISA舊版“ISA-84.00.01 (IEC 61511: Mod)”已經(jīng)完全被“ANSI/ISA-61511-2018”取代。
那么“電氣/電子/可編程電子安全相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的功能安全”方面，IEC 61511-2016=GB/T 21109-2007，我們選取一個(gè)熟讀即可。ISA 2015年發(fā)布的“ISA-TR84.00.02-2015”代替了之前的舊版本，不區(qū)分Part，舊版本的Part如下表，我們也了解下。無(wú)論新舊版本，ISA和IEC都有不少區(qū)別，比如在計(jì)算PFD數(shù)值方面，采用簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算公式，應(yīng)用也很廣泛。
ISA舊版本(Part1-5)
Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Determining the SIL of via Simplified Equations
Part 3: Determining the SIL of a via Fault Tree Analysis
Part 4: Determining the SIL of a via Markov Analysis
Part 5: Determining the PFD of Logic Solvers via Markov Analysis
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)框架
下表列出了兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的各個(gè)部分，了解其基本內(nèi)容框架。
1、“過(guò)程工業(yè)領(lǐng)域安全儀表系統(tǒng)的功能安全”方面
在過(guò)程工業(yè)中，用來(lái)執(zhí)行儀表安全功能的安全儀表系統(tǒng)已使用了多年。如果要使用儀表能有效地用于儀表安全功能，最重要的是該儀表應(yīng)達(dá)到某些最細(xì)標(biāo)注和性能水平。GB/T 21109-2007包含了作為應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)的兩個(gè)概念：安全生命周期和安全完整等級(jí)。針對(duì)基于使用電氣、電子、可編輯電子技術(shù)的安全儀表，在邏輯解算器使用其他技術(shù)的情況下，須應(yīng)用GB/T 21109-2007的基本原則。還涉及安全儀表系統(tǒng)的傳感器和最終原件，而不管它們所使用的技術(shù)。
Safety instrumented systems(SISs)have been used for many years to perform safety instrumented functions (SIFs) in the process industries. If instrumentation is to be effectively used for SIFs, it is essential that this instrumentation achieves certain minimum standards and performance levels.The IEC 61511 series addresses the application of SISs for the process industries. The IEC 61511 series also addresses a process Hazard and Risk Assessment (H&RA) to be carried out to enable the specification for SISs to be derived. Other safety systems' contributions are only considered with respect to the performance requirements for the SIS.The SIS includes all devices necessary to carry out each SIF from sensor(s) to finalelement(s).The IEC 61511 series has two concepts which are fundamental to its application: SIS safety life-cycle and safety integrity levels (SILs).The IEC 61511 series addresses SISs which are based on the use of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic technology. Where other technologies are used for logic solvers, the basic principles of the IEC 61511 series should be applied to ensure the functional safety requirements are met. The IEC 61511 series also addresses the SIS sensors and final elements regardless of the technology used. The IEC 61511 series is process industry specific within the framework of the IEC 61508 series.
IEC 61511-2016分為三個(gè)部分
◆IEC 61511-1:2016+AMD1:2017 CSV
Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and application programming requirements
◆IEC 61511-2:2016
Part 2: Guidelines for the application of IEC 61511-1:2016
◆IEC 61511-3:2016
Part 3: Guidance for the determination of the required safety integrity levels
ISA ANSI/ISA-61511-2018分為三個(gè)部分
◆ANSI/ISA-61511-1-2018 / IEC 61511-1:2016+AMD1:2017 CSV
Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and application programming requirements
◆ANSI/ISA-61511-2-2018 / IEC 61511-2:2016
Part 2: Guidelines for the application of IEC 61511-1:2016
◆ANSI/ISA-61511-3-2018 / IEC 61511-3:2016
Part 3: Guidance for the determination of the required safety integrity levels
GB/T 21109-2007分為三個(gè)部分
◆GB/T 21109.1-2007
第1部分：框架、定義、系統(tǒng)、硬件和軟件要求
◆GB/T 21109.2-2007
第2部分：GB/T 21109.1的應(yīng)用指南
◆GB/T 21109.3-2007
確定要求的安全完整性等級(jí)的指南
2、“電氣/電子/可編程電子安全相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的功能安全”方面
由電氣和電子器件構(gòu)成的系統(tǒng)，多年來(lái)在許多應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中執(zhí)行其安全功能。以計(jì)算機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)的系統(tǒng)(一般指可編程電子系統(tǒng))在其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中用于執(zhí)行的安全功能，并且也越來(lái)越多的用于執(zhí)行安全功能。GB/T 20438 針對(duì)電氣、電子、可編程電子組件構(gòu)成的。用來(lái)執(zhí)行安全工功能的系統(tǒng)安全生命周期的所有活動(dòng)，提出了一個(gè)通用方法。其第六部分，有PFD計(jì)算公式。
Systems comprised of electrical and/or electronic elements have been used for many years to perform safety functions in most application sectors. Computer-based systems (generically referred to as programmable electronic systems) are being used in all application sectors to perform non-safety functions and, increasingly, to perform safety functions. If computer system technology is to be effectively and safely exploited, it is essential that those responsible for making decisions have sufficient guidance on the safety aspects on which to make these decisions.This International Standard sets out a generic approach for all safety lifecycle activities for systems comprised of electrical and/or electronic and/or programmable electronic(E/E/PE)elements that are used to perform safety functions. This unified approach has been adopted in order that a rational and consistent technical policy be developed for all electrically-based safety-related systems. A major objective is to facilitate the development of product and application sector international standards based on the IEC 61508 series.
IEC 61508-2010分為七個(gè)部分
◆IEC 61508-1:2010
Part 1: General requirements
◆IEC 61508-2:2010
Part 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
◆IEC 61508-3:2010
Part 3: Software requirements
◆IEC 61508-3-1:2016
Part 3-1: Software requirements - Reuse of pre-existing software elements to implement all or part of a safety function
◆IEC 61508-4:2010
Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations
◆IEC 61508-5:2010
Part 5: Examples of methods for the determination of safety integrity levels
◆IEC 61508-6:2010
Part 6: Guidelines on the application of IEC 61508-2 and IEC 61508-3
◆IEC 61508-7:2010
Part 7: Overview of techniques and measures
ISA-TR84.00.02-2015不區(qū)分Part
Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Verification of Safety Instrumented Functions
GB/T 20438-2017分為七個(gè)部分
◆GB/T 20438.1-2017
第1部分：一般要求
◆GB/T 20438.2-2017
第2部分：電氣/電子/可編程電子安全相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的要求
◆GB/T 20438.3-2017
第3部分：軟件要求
◆GB/T 20438.4-2017
第4部分：定義和縮略語(yǔ)
◆GB/T 20438.5-2017
第5部分：確定安全完整性等級(jí)的方法示例
◆GB/T 20438.6-2017
第6部分：GB/T 20438.2和GB/T 20438.3的應(yīng)用指南
◆GB/T 20438.7-2017
第7部分：技術(shù)和措施概述
【經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享】SIS的學(xué)習(xí)步驟
1、先學(xué)習(xí)GB/T 21109-2007和GB/T 20438-2017
2、再學(xué)習(xí)IEC 61511-2016和IEC 61508-2010
3、加強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)ISA-84.00.01和ISA-84.00.02
4、自我總結(jié)，同行交流
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